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1. Where a serious threat to public policy or internal security in a Member State is unforeseeable and requires immediate action, the Member State may, on an exceptional basis, immediately reintroduce border control at internal borders.

2. At the same time as reintroducing border control at internal borders under paragraph 1 of this Article, the Member State shall notify the European Parliament, the Council, the Commission and the other Member States of the reintroduction of border control, in accordance with Article 27(1).

3. Where a Member State reintroduces border control at internal borders under paragraph 1, the border control shall remain in place no longer than 1 month. If the serious threat to public policy or internal security persists for longer than that period, the Member State may prolong border control at internal borders for further periods, up to a maximum duration not exceeding three months.

4. Where a serious threat to public policy or internal security is foreseeable in a Member State, the Member State shall notify the European Parliament, the Council, the Commission and the other Member States in accordance with Article 27(1), at the latest 4 weeks before the planned reintroduction of border control, or as soon as possible where the circumstances giving rise to the need to reintroduce border control at internal borders become known to the Member State less than 4 weeks before the planned reintroduction.

5. Where paragraph 4 of this Article applies, and without prejudice to paragraph 6, border control at internal borders may be reintroduced for a period of up to six months. Where the serious threat to public policy or internal security persists beyond that period, the Member State may prolong the border control at internal borders for renewable periods of up to 6 months. Any prolongation shall be notified to the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission and the other Member States in accordance with Article 27 and within the time limits referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article. Subject to paragraph 6 of this Article, the maximum duration of border control at internal borders shall not exceed 2 years.

6. Where a Member State considers that there is a major exceptional situation with regard to a persisting serious threat justifying the continued need for border control at internal borders in excess of the maximum period referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article it shall notify the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission and the other Member States of its intention to prolong internal border control for an additional period of up to 6 months. That notification shall be made at the latest 4 weeks before the planned prolongation and, taking into account the opinion of the Commission issued pursuant to Article 27a(3), shall include a risk assessment in accordance with Article 26(2):

(a) substantiating the continued threat to public policy or internal security;

(b) substantiating that alternative measures to remedy the threat are deemed or have been found to be ineffective at the time of the notification;

(c) presenting the mitigating measures considered to accompany the border control at internal borders;

(d) including, where appropriate, a presentation of the means, actions, conditions and timeline considered with a view to lifting the border control at internal borders.

Within 3 months after the notification referred to in the first subparagraph, the Commission shall issue a new opinion on the necessity and proportionality of the prolongation of border control at internal borders. Following the receipt of that notification, the Commission may, on its own initiative, or shall, at the request of the Member State directly affected, start a consultation process, in accordance with Article 27a(1).

Where, in a major exceptional situation, the continued need for border control at internal borders is confirmed as a result of the procedure referred to in this paragraph, but the additional period of 6 months referred in the first subparagraph is not sufficient to ensure the availability of effective alternative measures to address the persisting threat, a Member State may decide to prolong border control at internal borders for a further and final additional period of up to 6 months, in line with the risk assessment as referred to in the second subparagraph. Where a Member State decides to do so, it shall notify the Commission without delay of its intention to prolong its border control at internal borders. The Commission shall adopt without delay a recommendation on the compatibility of such a final prolongation with the Treaties, in particular with the principles of necessity and proportionality. That recommendation shall also identify, where appropriate with other Member States, the effective compensatory measures to be implemented.