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Average specific CO2 emissions, specific CO2 emissions targets and excess CO2 emissions 1. Vehicle sub-groups 1.1. For the purposes of this Regulation, a vehicle sub-group sg is defined for each new heavy-duty vehicle.

1.1.1. For heavy-duty vehicles of category N, the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows: ‘Sleeper cab’ means a type of cab that has a compartment behind the driver’s seat intended to be used for sleeping as reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b. ‘Day cab’ means a type of cab that is not a sleeper cab. Where a new heavy-duty vehicle is attributed to vehicle sub-group 4-UD, but data on the CO2 emissions in g/km are not available for the UDL or UDR mission profiles as defined in point 1.4, the new heavy-duty vehicle shall be attributed to vehicle sub-group 4-RD. ‘Operational range’ means the distance a heavy-duty vehicle can travel under long haul transport conditions without being re-charged or re-filled, as provided for in point 1.3.

1.1.2. For heavy-duty vehicles of category M, the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows: 1.1.3. For heavy-duty vehicles of category O, the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows:

1.2. Vocational vehicles are defined by the following criteria: 1.3. Operational ranges for the purposes of this Regulation are set as follows: 1.4. Definitions of mission profiles 2. Calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of a manufacturer 2.1. Calculation of the specific CO2 emissions of a new heavy-duty vehicle The specific CO2 emissions in g/km of a new heavy-duty vehicle v attributed to a vehicle sub-group sg or of its primary vehicle shall be calculated as follows: Where, Σmp is the sum of all mission profiles mp listed in point 1.4; sg is the vehicle sub-group to which the new heavy-duty vehicle v has been attributed according to point 1 of this Annex; Wsg,mp is the mission profile weight specified in points 2.1.1 to 2.1.3; CO2v,mp is the CO2 emissions in g/km of the new heavy-duty vehicle v determined for a mission profile mp, reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b and normalised pursuant to Annex III;

CO2pv,mp is the CO2 emissions in g/km of the primary vehicle of the new heavy-duty vehicle v, determined for a mission profile mp, and for the chassis configuration (low/high floor, number of decks) applicable to its vehicle sub-group sg, reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b and normalised pursuant to Annex III; For zero-emission heavy-duty motor vehicles, the values of CO2v,mp and CO2pv,mp shall be set to 0.

2.1.1. Mission profile weights (Wsg,mp) for heavy-duty vehicles of category N 2.1.2. Mission profile weights (Wsg,mp) for heavy-duty vehicles of category M 2.1.3. Mission profile weights (Wsg,mp) for heavy-duty vehicles of category O 2.2. Average specific CO2 emissions of all new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group for a manufacturer For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the average specific CO2 emissions avgCO2sg of all new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group sg or their primary vehicles, if applicable, shall be calculated as follows: 2.2.1. For heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O: (in g/tkm) 2.2.2. For complete or completed vehicles of category M: (in g/pkm) 2.2.3. For primary vehicles of heavy-duty vehicles of category M:

(in g/pkm) Where, Σv is the sum of all new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg, subject to Article 7b; CO2v is the specific CO2 emissions of the new heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1; CO2pv is the specific CO2 emissions of the primary vehicle of the new heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1; Vsg is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg; Vpvsg the number of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2.3; PLsg is the average payload of heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5; PNsg is the average passenger number of vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5.

2.3. Calculation of the zero- and low-emission factor as referred to in Article 5 2.3.1 Reporting periods 2019 to 2024

For each manufacturer and reporting period from 2019 to 2024, the zero- and low-emission vehicles factor (ZLEV) referred to in Article 5 shall be calculated as follows: ZLEV = Vall / (Vconv + Vzlev) with a minimum of 0,97 where, Vall is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH; Vconv is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH excluding zero- and low-emission heavy-duty vehicles; Vzlev is the sum of Vin and Vout, where, Vin is Σ v (1+ (1 – CO2v/LETsg)) with Σ v being the sum of all new zero- and low-emission heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH; CO2v is the specific CO2 emissions in g/km of a zero- or low-emission heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1; LETsg is the low-emission threshold of the vehicle sub-group sg to which the heavy-duty vehicle v belongs as defined in point 2.3.4;

Vout is the total number of zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles of category N, which are not in the vehicle sub-groups referred to by the definition of Vin , and with a maximum of 1,5 % of Vconv.

2.3.2 Reporting periods from 2025 to 2029 For each manufacturer and reporting period, the zero- and low-emission vehicles factor (ZLEV) referred to in Article 5 shall be calculated as follows: ZLEV = 1 - (y - x) unless this sum is larger than 1 or lower than 0,97 in which case the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1 or 0,97 , respectively Where, x is 0,02 ; y is the sum of Vin and Vout, divided by Vtotal, where, Vin is the total number of newly registered low- and zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH, where each of them is counted as ZLEVspecific in accordance with the formula below: ZLEVspecific = 1 – (CO2v / LETsg) Where, CO2v is the specific CO2 emissions in g/km of a zero- or low-emission heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1; LETsg is the low-emission threshold of the vehicle sub-group sg to which the heavy-duty vehicle v belongs as defined in point 2.3.4;

Vout is the total number of newly registered zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles of category N, which are not in the vehicle sub-groups referred to by the definition of Vin , and with a maximum of 0,035 of Vtotal; Vtotal is the total number of newly registered heavy-duty vehicles of category N of the manufacturer in that reporting period. Where Vin/Vtotal is lower than 0,0075 , the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1.

2.3.3 Reporting periods from 2030 onwards ZLEV = 1 2.3.4 Calculation of the low-emission threshold The low-emission threshold LET sg of the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows: LETsg = (rCO2sg x PLsg) / 2 Where, rCO2sg is the reference CO2 emissions of the vehicle sub-group sg, as determined in point 3; PLsg is the average payload of heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5.

2.4. Calculation of heavy-duty vehicle shares For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group sharesg shall be calculated as follows: For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group zevsg shall be calculated as follows:

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new heavy-duty vehicles within the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2., shall be calculated as follows: Where, Vzevsg is the number of new zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in a vehicle sub-group sg; Vpvsg the number of new heavy-duty vehicles within the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2.; Vsg is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in a vehicle sub-group sg; V is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer.

2.5. Payload values, passenger numbers and cargo volumes The average payload value PLsg of a heavy-duty vehicle of category N or O in a vehicle sub-group sg shall be calculated as follows: The average passenger number PNsg of a heavy-duty vehicle of category M in a vehicle sub-group sg shall be calculated as follows: Where,

Σmp is the sum of all mission profiles mp; Wsg,mp, is the mission profile weight specified in points 2.1.1 to 2.1.3; PLsg,mp is the payload value attributed to the heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O in the vehicle sub-group sg for the mission profile mp, as specified in points 2.5.1 and 2.5.3; PNsg,mp is the passenger number attributed to the heavy-duty vehicles of category M in the vehicle sub-group sg for the mission profile mp, as specified in point 2.5.2.

2.5.1. Heavy-duty vehicles of category N Payload values PL sg, mp (in tonnes) are determined as follows: Technically permissible maximum payload values maxPLsg and cargo volumes CVsg are determined in accordance with point 3.1.1.

2.5.2. Heavy-duty vehicles of category M Passenger numbers PNsg,mp, passenger masses PMsg,mp and technically permissible maximum passenger numbers maxPNsg for the vehicle sub-group sg and mission profile mp are determined in accordance with point 3.1.1.

2.5.3. Heavy-duty vehicles of category O Payload values PLsg, mp (in tonnes) are determined as follows: Technically permissible maximum payload values maxPLsg and cargo volumes CVsg are determined in accordance with point 3.1.1.

2.6. Calculation of the mileage and payload or passenger-number weighting factor The mileage and payload (passenger) weighting factor (MPWsg) of a vehicle sub-group sg is defined as the product of the annual mileage specified in point 2.6.1 and the payload and passenger-number values for the vehicle sub-group specified in points 2.5.1, 2.5.2 and 2.5.3 for vehicle categories N, M and O, respectively, normalised to the respective value for vehicle sub-group 5-LH, and shall be calculated as follows: (for heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O) (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M) Where, AMsg is the annual mileage specified in point 2.6.1, 2.6.2 and 2.6.3 for the heavy-duty vehicles in the respective vehicle sub-group; AM5-LH is the annual mileage specified for vehicle sub-group 5-LH in 2.6.1; PLsg is as determined in points 2.5.1 and 2.5.3; PNsg is as determined in point 2.5.2; PL5-LH is the average payload value for vehicle sub-group 5-LH as determined in point 2.5.1.

2.6.1. Annual mileages for heavy-duty vehicles of category N 2.6.2. Annual mileages for heavy-duty vehicles of category M 2.6.3. Annual mileages for heavy-duty vehicles of category O