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Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

(1) ‘distributed ledger technology’ or ‘DLT’ means a technology that enables the operation and use of distributed ledgers;

(2) ‘distributed ledger’ means an information repository that keeps records of transactions and that is shared across, and synchronised between, a set of DLT network nodes using a consensus mechanism;

(3) ‘consensus mechanism’ means the rules and procedures by which an agreement is reached, among DLT network nodes, that a transaction is validated;

(4) ‘DLT network node’ means a device or process that is part of a network and that holds a complete or partial replica of records of all transactions on a distributed ledger;

(5) ‘DLT market infrastructure’ means a DLT multilateral trading facility, a DLT settlement system or a DLT trading and settlement system;

(6) ‘DLT multilateral trading facility’ or ‘DLT MTF’ means a multilateral trading facility that only admits to trading DLT financial instruments;

(7) ‘DLT settlement system’ or ‘DLT SS’ means a settlement system that settles transactions in DLT financial instruments against payment or against delivery, irrespective of whether that settlement system has been designated and notified in accordance with Directive 98/26/EC, and that allows the initial recording of DLT financial instruments or allows the provision of safekeeping services in relation to DLT financial instruments;

(8) ‘settlement’ means settlement as defined in Article 2(1), point (7), of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

(9) ‘settlement fail’ means settlement fail as defined in Article 2(1), point (15), of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

(10) ‘DLT trading and settlement system’ or ‘DLT TSS’ means a DLT MTF or DLT SS that combines services performed by a DLT MTF and a DLT SS;

(11) ‘DLT financial instrument’ means a financial instrument that is issued, recorded, transferred and stored using distributed ledger technology;

(12) ‘financial instrument’ means a financial instrument as defined in Article 4(1), point (15), of Directive 2014/65/EU;

(13) ‘multilateral trading facility’ means a multilateral trading facility as defined in Article 4(1), point (22), of Directive 2014/65/EU;

(14) ‘central securities depository’ or ‘CSD’ means a central securities depository as defined in Article 2(1), point (1), of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

(15) ‘securities settlement system’ means a securities settlement system as defined in Article 2(1), point (10), of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

(16) ‘business day’ means business day as defined in Article 2(1), point (14), of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

(17) ‘delivery versus payment ’ means delivery versus payment as defined in Article 2(1), point (27), of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

(18) ‘credit institution’ means a credit institution as defined in Article 4(1), point (1), of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council ;

(19) ‘investment firm’ means an investment firm as defined in Article 4(1), point (1), of Directive 2014/65/EU;

(20) ‘market operator’ means a market operator as defined in Article 4(1), point (18), of Directive 2014/65/EU;

(21) ‘competent authority’ means one or more competent authorities:

(a) designated in accordance with Article 67 of Directive 2014/65/EU;

(b) designated in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014; or (c) otherwise designated by a Member State to oversee the application of this Regulation.