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Determination of the minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities

1. The requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) shall be determined by the Board, after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, on the basis of the following criteria:

(a) the need to ensure that the resolution group can be resolved by the application of the resolution tools to the resolution entity, including, where appropriate, the bail-in tool, in a way that meets the resolution objectives;

(b) the need to ensure, where appropriate, that the resolution entity and its subsidiaries that are institutions or entities referred to in Article 12(1) and (3) but are not resolution entities have sufficient own funds and eligible liabilities to ensure that, if the bail-in tool or write-down and conversion powers, respectively, were to be applied to them, losses could be absorbed and the total capital ratio and, as applicable, the leverage ratio, of the relevant entities can be restored to a level necessary to enable them to continue to comply with the conditions for authorisation and to carry on the activities for which they are authorised under Directive 2013/36/EU or Directive 2014/65/EU;

(c) the need to ensure, if the resolution plan anticipates the possibility for certain classes of eligible liabilities to be excluded from bail-in pursuant to Article 27(5) of this Regulation or to be transferred in full to a recipient under a partial transfer, that the resolution entity has sufficient own funds and other eligible liabilities to absorb losses and to restore its total capital ratio and, as applicable, its leverage ratio, to the level necessary to enable it to continue to comply with the conditions for authorisation and to carry on the activities for which it is authorised under Directive 2013/36/EU or Directive 2014/65/EU;

(d) the size, the business model, the funding model and the risk profile of the entity;

(e) the extent to which the failure of the entity would have an adverse effect on financial stability, including through contagion to other institutions or entities, due to the interconnectedness of the entity with those other institutions or entities or with the rest of the financial system.

2. Where the resolution plan provides that resolution action is to be taken or that the power to write down and convert relevant capital instruments and eligible liabilities in accordance with Article 21 is to be exercised in accordance with the relevant scenario referred to in Article 8(6), the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) shall equal an amount sufficient to ensure that:

(a) the losses that are expected to be incurred by the entity are fully absorbed (‘loss absorption’);

(b) the resolution entity and its subsidiaries that are institutions or entities referred to in Article 12(1) or (3) but are not resolution entities are recapitalised to a level necessary to enable them to continue to comply with the conditions for authorisation, and to carry on the activities for which they are authorised under Directive 2013/36/EU, Directive 2014/65/EU or an equivalent legislative act for an appropriate period not longer than one year (‘recapitalisation’).

————— 2a. The Board shall not determine the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) for liquidation entities.

By way of derogation from the first subparagraph, the Board may assess whether it is justified to determine the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) for a liquidation entity on an individual basis in an amount exceeding the amount sufficient to absorb losses in accordance with paragraph 2, point (a), of this Article. The Board shall take into account in its assessment, in particular, any possible impact on financial stability and on the risk of contagion to the financial system, including with regard to the financing capacity of deposit guarantee schemes. Where the Board determines the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1), the liquidation entity shall meet that requirement by using one or more of the following:

(a) own funds;

(b) liabilities that fulfil the eligibility criteria referred to in Article 72a of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013, with the exception of Article 72b(2), points (b) and (d), of that Regulation;

(c) the liabilities referred to in Article 12c(2). Article 77(2) and Article 78a of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 shall not apply to liquidation entities for which the Board has not determined the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) of this Regulation.

Holdings of own funds instruments and eligible liabilities instruments issued by subsidiary institutions which are liquidation entities for which the Board has not determined the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) shall not be deducted under Article 72e(5) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013. By way of derogation from the fourth subparagraph, an institution or entity referred to in Article 2 that is not itself a resolution entity but is a subsidiary of a resolution entity or of a third-country entity that would be a resolution entity if it were established in the Union shall deduct its holdings of own funds instruments in subsidiary institutions that belong to the same resolution group and that are liquidation entities for which the Board has not determined the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) where the aggregate amount of those holdings is equal to or exceeds 7 % of the total amount of its own funds and liabilities that comply with the eligibility criteria specified in Article 12g(2), calculated annually as of 31 December as an average over the previous 12 months.

3. For resolution entities, the amount referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 2 shall be the following:

(a) for the purpose of calculating the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1), in accordance with point (a) of Article 12a(2), the sum of:

(i) the amount of the losses to be absorbed in resolution that corresponds to the requirements referred to in point (c) of Article 92(1) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and Article 104a of Directive 2013/36/EU of the resolution entity at the consolidated resolution group level; and (ii) a recapitalisation amount that allows the resolution group resulting from resolution to restore compliance with its total capital ratio requirement referred to in point (c) of Article 92(1) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and its requirement referred to in Article 104a of Directive 2013/36/EU at the consolidated resolution group level after the implementation of the preferred resolution strategy; and (b) for the purpose of calculating the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1), in accordance with point (b) of Article 12a(2), the sum of:

(i) the amount of the losses to be absorbed in resolution that corresponds to the resolution entity's leverage ratio requirement referred to in point (d) of Article 92(1) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 at the consolidated resolution group level; and (ii) a recapitalisation amount that allows the resolution group resulting from resolution to restore compliance with the leverage ratio requirement referred to in point (d) of Article 92(1) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 at the consolidated resolution group level after the implementation of the preferred resolution strategy.

For the purposes of point (a) of Article 12a(2), the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) shall be expressed in percentage terms as the amount calculated in accordance with point (a) of the first subparagraph of this paragraph, divided by the total risk exposure amount. For the purposes of point (b) of Article 12a(2), the requirement referred to in Article 12a(1) shall be expressed in percentage terms as the amount calculated in accordance with point (b) of the first subparagraph of this paragraph, divided by the total exposure measure. When setting the individual requirement provided in point (b) of the first subparagraph of this paragraph, the Board shall take into account the requirements referred to in Article 27(7). When setting the recapitalisation amounts referred to in the previous subparagraphs, the Board shall:

(a) use the most recently reported values for the relevant total risk exposure amount or total exposure measure, adjusted for any changes resulting from resolution actions set out in the resolution plan; and

(b) after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, adjust the amount corresponding to the current requirement referred to in Article 104a of Directive 2013/36/EU downwards or upwards to determine the requirement that is to apply to the resolution entity after the implementation of the preferred resolution strategy. The Board shall be able to increase the requirement provided in point (a)(ii) of the first subparagraph by an appropriate amount necessary to ensure that, following resolution, the entity is able to sustain sufficient market confidence for an appropriate period, which shall not exceed one year. Where the sixth subparagraph of this paragraph applies, the amount referred to in that subparagraph shall be equal to the combined buffer requirement that is to apply after the application of the resolution tools, less the amount referred to in point (a) of point (6) of Article 128 of Directive 2013/36/EU.

The amount referred to in the sixth subparagraph of this paragraph shall be adjusted downwards if, after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, the Board determines that it would be feasible and credible for a lower amount to be sufficient to sustain market confidence and to ensure both the continued provision of critical economic functions by the institution or entity referred to in Article 12(1) and its access to funding without recourse to extraordinary public financial support other than contributions from the Fund, in accordance with Article 27(7) and Article 76(3), after implementation of the resolution strategy. That amount shall be adjusted upwards if, after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, the Board determines that a higher amount is necessary to sustain sufficient market confidence and to ensure both the continued provision of critical economic functions by the institution or entity referred to in Article 12(1) and its access to funding without recourse to extraordinary public financial support other than contributions from the Fund, in accordance with Article 27(7) and Article 76(3), for an appropriate period which shall not exceed one year.

4. For resolution entities that are not subject to Article 92a of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and that are part of a resolution group the total assets of which exceed EUR 100 billion, the level of the requirement referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article shall be at least equal to:

(a) 13,5 % when calculated in accordance with point (a) of Article 12a(2); and (b) 5 % when calculated in accordance with point (b) of Article 12a(2). By way of derogation from Article 12c, the resolution entities referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall meet a level of the requirement referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph that is equal to 13,5 % when calculated in accordance with point (a) of Article 12a(2) and to 5 % when calculated in accordance with point (b) of Article 12a(2) using own funds, subordinated eligible instruments, or liabilities as referred to in Article 12c(3) of this Regulation.