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1. ‘member other than the Union’ means any participating state, private member or international organisation that is a member of a joint undertaking; 2. ‘founding member’ means any legal entity established in a Member State, a country associated to Horizon Europe or, where applicable, associated with DEP, or an international organisation that is identified as a member of a joint undertaking in this Regulation or in one of its Annexes; 3. ‘associated member’ means any legal entity established in a Member State, a country associated to Horizon Europe or, where applicable, associated to DEP, or an international organisation that accedes to a joint undertaking by signing a letter of commitment in accordance with Article 6(3) and subject to an approval in accordance with Article 7; 4. ‘participating state’ means any Member State or country associated to Horizon Europe or, where applicable, associated to DEP upon notification of its participation in the activities of the relevant joint undertaking by means of a letter of commitment;

5. ‘private member’ means any legal entity established under public or private law that is a member of a joint undertaking other than the Union, participating states or international organisations; 6. ‘constituent entities’ means the entities that constitute a private member of a joint undertaking, where the private member is an association according to that member’s statutes; 7. ‘contributing partner’ means any country, international organisation or legal entity other than a member of a joint undertaking, or a constituent entity of a member or an affiliated entity of either, that supports the objectives of a joint undertaking in its specific area of research and whose application has been approved in accordance with Article 9; 8. ‘in-kind contributions to operational activities’ means contributions by private members, constituent entities or the affiliated entities of either, by international organisations and by contributing partners, consisting of the eligible costs incurred by them in implementing indirect actions less the contribution of that joint undertaking and of the participating states of that joint undertaking to those costs;

9. ‘additional activity’ means an activity, included in the annual additional activities plan annexed to the main part of the work programme, that does not receive financial support from the joint undertaking but contributes to its objectives and is directly linked to the uptake of results from projects under that joint undertaking or its preceding initiatives or that has a significant Union added value; 10. ‘in-kind contributions to additional activities’ means contributions by the private members, constituent entities or the affiliated entities of either, and by international organisations, consisting of the costs incurred by them in implementing additional activities less any contribution to those costs from the Union and from the participating states of that joint undertaking; 11. ‘preceding initiative’ means any partnership in one of the areas covered by a joint undertaking that received financial support from one of the previous Union framework programmes for research;

12. ‘Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda’ means the document covering the duration of Horizon Europe that identifies the key priorities and the essential technologies and innovations required to achieve the objectives of a joint undertaking; 13. ‘work programme’ means the document referred to in Article 2, point (25), of the Horizon Europe Regulation; 14. ‘conflict of interest’ means a situation involving a financial actor or other person as referred to in Article 61 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046; 15. ‘newcomer’ means an entity that is, for the first time, a beneficiary of a grant awarded by an individual joint undertaking or its preceding initiative and that is not a founding member of that joint undertaking or its preceding initiative.