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Definitions specific to crypto-assets For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

(1) ‘crypto-asset’ means a crypto-asset as defined in Article 3(1), point (5), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council () that is not a central bank digital currency;

(2) ‘electronic money token’ or ‘e-money token’ means an electronic money token or e-money token as defined in Article 3(1), point (7), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114;

(3) ‘crypto-asset exposure’ means an asset or an off-balance-sheet item related to a crypto-asset that gives rise to credit risk, counterparty credit risk, market risk, operational risk or liquidity risk;

(4) ‘traditional asset’ means any asset other than a crypto-asset, including:

(a) financial instruments as defined in Article 4(1), point (50), of this Regulation;

(b) funds as defined in Article 4, point (25), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366;

(c) deposits as defined in Article 2(1), point (3), of Directive 2014/49/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (), including structured deposits;

(d) securitisation positions in the context of a securitisation as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Regulation (EU) 2017/2402;

(e) non-life or life insurance products falling within the classes of insurance listed in Annexes I and II to Directive 2009/138/EC or reinsurance and retrocession contracts referred to in that Directive;

(f) pension products that, under national law, are recognised as having the primary purpose of providing the investor with an income in retirement and that entitle the investor to certain benefits;

(g) officially recognised occupational pension schemes within the scope of Directive (EU) 2016/2341 of the European Parliament and of the Council () or Directive 2009/138/EC;

(h) individual pension products for which a financial contribution from the employer is required by national law and where the employer or the employee has no choice as to the pension product or provider;

(i) a pan-European Personal Pension Product as defined in Article 2, point (2), of Regulation (EU) 2019/1238 of the European Parliament and of the Council ();

(j) social security schemes covered by Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council () and Regulation (EC) No 987/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council ();

(5) ‘tokenised traditional asset’ means a type of crypto-asset that represents a traditional asset, including an e-money token;

(6) ‘asset-referenced token’ means an asset-referenced token as defined in Article 3(1), point (6), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114;

(7) ‘crypto-asset service’ means a crypto-asset service as defined in Article 3(1), point (16), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114.