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Impact pathways, and related key impact pathway indicators, shall structure the monitoring of the 2026-2027 Euratom Programme’s performance towards its specific objectives as referred to in Article 3(2). The impact pathways shall be time-sensitive: they shall distinguish between the short, medium and long term. Impact pathway indicators shall serve as proxies to report on the progress made towards achievement of specific objectives. The micro-data behind the key impact pathway indicators, which are shared with the Horizon Europe, shall be collected in a centrally managed and harmonised way, with minimal reporting burden on the beneficiaries. Scientific impact pathway indicators The 2026-2027 Euratom Programme is expected to make progress as regards knowledge for reinforcing nuclear safety and security, safe applications of ionising radiation, spent fuel and radioactive waste management, radiation protection and the development of fusion energy. Progress in those areas shall be measured by the indicators concerning scientific publications, progress in the implementation of the fusion roadmap, the development of expertise and skills, and access to research infrastructures.

Towards scientific impacts Short term Medium term Longer term Improving the safe and secure use of nuclear energy and non-power applications of ionising radiation, including nuclear safety, security, safeguards, radiation protection, safe spent fuel and radioactive waste management and decommissioning Publications – Number of Euratom peer-reviewed scientific publications Citations – Field-Weighted Citation Index of Euratom peer-reviewed scientific publications World-class science – Number and share of peer reviewed publications from 2026-2027 Euratom Programme that are core contribution to scientific fields Shared knowledge – Share of research outputs (open data/publication/software, etc.) shared through open knowledge infrastructure Knowledge diffusion – Share of open access research outputs actively used/cited New collaborations – Share of Euratom beneficiaries having developed new transdisciplinary/trans-sectoral collaborations with users of their open Euratom research and innovation (R&I) outputs Fostering the development of fusion energy Progress in the implementation of the fusion roadmap – Percentage of the fusion roadmap’s milestones established for the period 2021-2027 reached by the 2026-2027 Euratom Programme Maintaining and further developing expertise and excellence in the Union Skills – Number of researchers having benefitted from upskilling activities of the 2026-2027 Euratom Programme (through training, mobility and access to infrastructure) Careers – Number and share of upskilled researchers with more influence in their R&I field Working conditions – Number and share of upskilled researchers with improved working conditions The number of researchers having access to research infrastructure through the 2026-2027 Euratom Programme support Reference materials delivered and reference measurements incorporated to a library Number of international standards modified

Societal impact pathway indicators The 2026-2027 Euratom Programme is expected to help to address Community policy priorities concerning nuclear safety and security, radiation protection and ionising radiation applications through research and innovation, as shown by the portfolios of projects generating outputs contributing to tackling challenges in these fields. Societal impact shall also be measured in terms of specific development in the field of nuclear security and safeguards.

Towards societal impacts Short term Medium term Longer term Improving the safe and secure use of nuclear energy and non-power applications of ionising radiation, including nuclear safety, security, safeguards, radiation protection, safe spent fuel and radioactive waste management and decommissioning Outputs – Number and share of outputs aimed at addressing specific policy priorities Solutions – Number and share of innovations and scientific results addressing specific policy priorities Benefits – Aggregated estimated effects from use of Euratom-funded results, on tackling specific policy priorities, including contribution to the policy and law-making cycle Number of services delivered in support of safeguards Number of technical systems provided and in use Number of training sessions delivered to front-line officers Co-creation – Number and share of Euratom projects where Union citizens and end-users contribute to the co-creation of R&I content Engagement – Number and share of Euratom beneficiary entities with citizen and end-users engagement mechanisms after Euratom project Societal R&I uptake Uptake and outreach of Euratom co-created scientific results and innovative solutions

Innovation impact pathway indicators The 2026-2027 Euratom Programme is expected to deliver innovation impacts supporting progress towards its specific objectives. Progress in this area shall be measured by indicators concerning intellectual property rights (IPR), innovative products, methods and processes and their use, along with job creation.

Towards economic/innovation impact Short term Medium term Longer term Improving the safe and secure use of nuclear energy and non-power applications of ionising radiation, including nuclear safety, security, safeguards, radiation protection, safe spent fuel and radioactive waste management and decommissioning Fostering the development of fusion energy Maintaining and further developing expertise and excellence in the Union Innovative outputs – Number of innovative products, processes or methods from 2026-2027 Euratom Programme (by type of innovation) and IPR applications Innovations – Number of innovations from Euratom projects (by type of innovation) including from awarded IPRs Economic growth – Creation, growth and market shares of companies having developed Euratom funded innovations Supported employment – Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs created and jobs maintained in beneficiary entities for the Euratom project (by type of job) Sustained employment – Increase of FTE jobs in beneficiary entities following Euratom project (by type of job) Total employment – Number of direct and indirect jobs created or maintained due to diffusion of Euratom results (by type of job) Amount of public and private investment mobilised with the initial Euratom investment Amount of public and private investment mobilised to exploit or scale up Euratom results Union progress towards 3 % GDP due to 2026-2027 Euratom Programme

Policy impact pathway indicators The 2026-2027 Euratom Programme is expected to provide scientific evidence for policy-making. This concerns, in particular, scientific support for other Commission services, such as support for Euratom safeguards, or for the implementation by Member States of legal acts related to nuclear and ionising radiation . Towards policy impact Short term Medium term Longer term Supporting policy on nuclear safety, safeguards and security Number and share of Euratom projects producing policy-relevant findings Number of outputs having a demonstrable impact on the policy Number and share of Euratom projects findings cited in policy/programmatic documents Targets will be set for both indirect and direct actions to reflect the expected results for each part of the 2026-2027 Euratom Programme.