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Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation the following definitions shall apply:

(1) ‘air emission’ means the physical flow of gaseous or particulate materials from the national economy (production or consumption processes) to the atmosphere (as part of the environmental system);

(2) ‘environmentally related tax’ means a tax whose tax base is a physical unit (or a proxy of a physical unit) of something that has a proven, specific negative impact on the environment, and which is identified in ESA 2010 ◄ as a tax;

(3) ‘economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA)’ means consistent compilations of the material inputs into national economies, the changes of material stock within the economy and the material outputs to other economies or to the environment;

(4) ‘environmental protection expenditure’ means the economic resources devoted by resident units to environmental protection. Environmental protection includes all activities and actions which have as their main purpose the prevention, reduction and elimination of pollution and of any other degradation of the environment. Those activities and actions include all measures taken in order to restore the environment after it has been degraded. Activities which, while beneficial to the environment, primarily satisfy the technical needs or the internal requirements for hygiene or safety and security of an enterprise or other institution are excluded from this definition;

(5) ‘environmental goods and services sector’ means the production activities of a national economy that generate environmental products (environmental goods and services). Environmental products are products that have been produced for the purpose of environmental protection, as referred to in point (4), and resource management. Resource management includes the preservation, maintenance and enhancement of the stock of natural resources and therefore the safeguarding of those resources against depletion;

(6) ‘physical energy flow accounts’ means consistent compilations of the physical energy flows into national economies, the flows circulating within the economy and the outputs to other economies or to the environment;

(7) ‘forest accounts’ means asset accounts for forest resources, comprising wooded land and timber on wooded land, and economic activity accounts for forestry and logging;

(8) ‘environmental subsidies and similar transfers’ means current and capital transfers within the meaning of the ESA 2010, intended to support activities protecting the environment and safeguarding natural resources and related products;

(9) ‘ecosystem accounts’ means a set of accounts designed to provide consistent information on the extent and condition of ecosystems and on the flows of services from those ecosystems to the socioeconomic system.