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1. USE OF THE AIRSPACE 1.1. All aircraft, excluding those engaged in the activities referred to in Article 2(3)(a), in all phases of flight or on the movement area of an aerodrome, shall be operated in accordance with common general operating rules and any applicable procedure specified for the use of airspace.

1.2. All aircraft, excluding those engaged in the activities referred to in Article 2(3)(a), shall be equipped with the required constituents and operated accordingly. Constituents used in the ATM/ANS system shall also comply with the requirements in point 3.

2. SERVICES 2.1. Aeronautical information and data for airspace users for the purpose of air navigation 2.1.1. The data used as a source for aeronautical information shall be of sufficient quality, complete, current and provided in a timely manner.

2.1.2. Aeronautical information shall be accurate, complete, current, unambiguous, from a legitimate source, and of adequate integrity, as well as in a format suitable for users.

2.1.3. The dissemination of such aeronautical information to airspace users shall be timely and use sufficiently reliable and expeditious means of communication protected from intentional and unintentional interference and corruption.

2.2. Meteorological information 2.2.1. The data used as a source for aeronautical meteorological information shall be of sufficient quality, complete and current.

2.2.2. To the extent possible, aeronautical meteorological information shall be precise, complete, current, of adequate integrity and unambiguous in order to meet the needs of airspace users. Aeronautical meteorological information shall be from a legitimate source.

2.2.3. The dissemination of such aeronautical meteorological information to airspace users shall be timely and use sufficiently reliable and expeditious means of communication protected from interference and corruption.

2.3. Air traffic services 2.3.1. The data used as a source for the provision of air traffic services shall be correct, complete and current.

2.3.2. The provision of air traffic services shall be sufficiently precise, complete, current, and unambiguous to meet the safety needs of users.

2.3.3. Automated tools providing information or advice to users shall be properly designed, produced and maintained to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose.

2.3.4. Air traffic control services and related processes shall provide for adequate separation between aircraft and, on the aerodrome manoeuvring area, prevent collisions between aircraft and obstructions and, where appropriate, assist in protection from other airborne hazards and shall ensure prompt and timely coordination with all relevant users and adjacent volumes of airspace.

2.3.5. Communication between air traffic services and aircraft and between relevant air traffic services units shall be timely, clear, correct and unambiguous, protected from interference and commonly understood and, if applicable, acknowledged by all actors involved.

2.3.6. Means shall be in place to detect possible emergencies and, when appropriate, to initiate effective search and rescue action. Such means shall, as a minimum, comprise appropriate alerting mechanisms, coordination measures and procedures, means and personnel to cover the area of responsibility efficiently. 2.3a. Air traffic data services

2.3a.1. The air traffic data collected shall be of sufficient quality, complete, current, from a legitimate source and provided in a timely manner. 2.3a.2. The air traffic data services shall achieve and maintain sufficient performance with regard to their availability, integrity, continuity and timeliness to meet the user’s needs. 2.3a.3. The systems and tools providing air traffic data services shall be properly designed, produced and maintained to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose. 2.3a.4. The dissemination of such data shall be timely and use sufficiently reliable and expeditious means of communication protected from intentional and unintentional interference and corruption.

2.4. Communication services Communication services shall achieve and maintain sufficient performance with regard to their availability, integrity, continuity and timeliness. They shall be expeditious and protected from corruption and interference.

2.5. Navigation services

Navigation services shall achieve and maintain a sufficient level of performance with regard to guidance, positioning and, when provided, timing information. The performance criteria include accuracy, integrity, legitimacy of the source, availability, and continuity of the service.

2.6. Surveillance services Surveillance services shall determine the respective position of aircraft in the air and of other aircraft and ground vehicles on the aerodrome surface, with sufficient performance with regard to their accuracy, integrity, legitimacy of the source, continuity and probability of detection.

2.7. Air traffic flow management

The tactical management of air traffic flows at Union level shall use and provide sufficiently precise and current information of the volume and nature of the planned air traffic affecting service provision and shall coordinate and negotiate re-routing or delaying traffic flows in order to reduce the risk of overloading situations occurring in the air or at the aerodromes. Flow management shall be performed with a view to optimising available capacity in the use of airspace and enhancing air traffic flow management processes. It shall be based on safety, transparency and efficiency, ensuring that capacity is provided in a flexible and timely manner, consistent with the European Air Navigation Plan. The measures referred to in Article 43, concerning flow management shall support operational decisions by air navigation service providers, aerodrome operators and airspace users and shall cover the following areas:

(a) flight planning;

(b) use of available airspace capacity during all phases of flight, including en-route slot assignment;

(c) use of routings by general air traffic, including:

— the creation of a single publication for route and traffic orientation,

— options for diversion of general air traffic from congested areas, and — priority rules regarding access to airspace for general air traffic, particularly during periods of congestion and crisis; and (d) the consistency between flight plans and airport slots and the necessary coordination with adjacent regions, as appropriate.

2.8. Airspace management The designation of specific volumes of airspace for a certain use shall be monitored, coordinated and promulgated in a timely manner in order to reduce the risk of loss of separation between aircraft in all circumstances. Taking into account the organisation of military activities and related aspects under the responsibility of the Member States, airspace management shall also support the uniform application of the concept of the flexible use of airspace as described by the ICAO and as implemented under Regulation (EU) 2024/2803, in order to facilitate airspace management and air traffic management in the context of the common transport policy.

2.9. Flight procedure design

Flight procedures shall be properly designed, surveyed and validated before they can be deployed and used by aircraft.

3. SYSTEMS AND CONSTITUENTS 3.1. General ATM/ANS systems and ATM/ANS constituents providing related information to and from the aircraft and on the ground shall be properly designed, produced, installed, maintained, protected against unauthorised interference and operated to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose. The systems and procedures shall include in particular those required to support the following functions and services:

(a) Airspace management;

(b) Air traffic flow management;

(c) Air traffic services, in particular flight data processing systems, surveillance data processing systems and human-machine interface systems;

(d) Communications including ground-to-ground/space, air-to-ground and air-to-air/space communications;

(e) Navigation;

(f) Surveillance;

(g) Aeronautical information services; and (h) Meteorological services.

3.2. System and constituent integrity, performance and reliability

The integrity and safety-related performance of systems and constituents whether on aircraft, on the ground or in space, shall be fit for their intended purpose. They shall meet the required level of operational performance for all their foreseeable operating conditions and for their whole operational life. ATM/ANS systems and ATM/ANS constituents shall be designed, built, maintained and operated using the appropriate and validated procedures, in such a way as to ensure the seamless operation of the European air traffic management network (EATMN) at all times and for all phases of flight. Seamless operation can be expressed, in particular, in terms of information-sharing, including the relevant operational status information, common understanding of information, comparable processing performances and the associated procedures enabling common operational performances agreed for the whole or parts of the EATMN. The EATMN, its systems and their constituents shall support, on a coordinated basis, new agreed and validated concepts of operation that improve the quality, sustainability and effectiveness of air navigation services, in particular in terms of safety and capacity.

The EATMN, its systems and their constituents shall support the progressive implementation of civil/military coordination, to the extent necessary for effective airspace and air traffic flow management, and the safe and efficient use of airspace by all users, through the application of the concept of the flexible use of airspace. To achieve those objectives, the EATMN, its systems and their constituents shall support the timely sharing of correct and consistent information covering all phases of flight, between civil and military parties, without prejudice to security or defence policy interests, including requirements on confidentiality.

3.3. Design of systems and constituents 3.3.1. Systems and constituents shall be designed to meet applicable safety and security requirements.

3.3.2. Systems and constituents, considered collectively, separately and in relation to each other, shall be designed in such a way that an inverse relationship exists between the probability that any failure can result in a total system failure and the severity of its effect on the safety of services.