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Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

(1) ‘cross-border payment’ means an electronically processed payment transaction initiated by a payer, or by or through a payee, where the payer’s payment service provider and the payee’s payment service provider are located in different Member States;

(2) ‘national payment’ means an electronically processed payment transaction initiated by a payer, or by or through a payee, where the payer’s payment service provider and the payee’s payment service provider are located in the same Member State;

(3) ‘payer’ means a natural or legal person who holds a payment account and allows a payment order from that payment account, or, where there is no payment account, a natural or legal person who gives a payment order;

(4) ‘payee’ means a natural or legal person who is the intended recipient of funds which have been the subject of a payment transaction;

(5) ‘payment service provider’ means any of the categories of legal persons referred to in Article 1(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 and the natural or legal persons referred to in Article 32 of that Directive, but excludes those institutions listed in points (2) to (23) of Article 2(5) of Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council () benefiting from a Member State waiver exercised under Article 2(5) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366;

(6) ‘payment service user’ means a natural or legal person making use of a payment service in the capacity of either payer or payee, or both;

(7) ‘payment transaction’ means an act, initiated by a payer or by or through a payee, consisting of placing, transferring or withdrawing funds, irrespective of any underlying obligations between the payer and the payee;

(8) ‘payment order’ means an instruction by a payer or payee to its payment service provider requesting the execution of a payment transaction;

(9) ‘charge’ means any amount levied on a payment service user by a payment service provider that is directly or indirectly linked to a payment transaction, any amount levied on a payment service user by a payment service provider or a party providing currency conversion services in accordance with Article 59(2) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 for a currency conversion service, or a combination thereof;

(10) ‘funds’ means banknotes and coins, scriptural money and electronic money as defined in Article 2, point (2), of Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ();

(11) ‘consumer’ means a natural person acting for purposes other than his or her trade, business or profession;

(12) ‘micro-enterprise’ means an enterprise, which, at the time of conclusion of the payment service contract, is an enterprise as defined in Article 1 and Article 2(1) and (3) of the Annex to Commission Recommendation 2003/361/EC ();

(13) ‘interchange fee’ means a fee paid between the payment service providers of the payer and of the payee for each direct debit transaction;

(14) ‘direct debit’ means a payment service for debiting a payer’s payment account, where a payment transaction is initiated by the payee on the basis of the payer’s consent given to the payee, to the payee’s payment service provider or to the payer’s own payment service provider;

(15) ‘direct debit scheme’ means a common set of rules, practices and standards agreed between payment service providers for the execution of direct debit transactions.