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1. In order to improve transparency within the food supply chain, to inform the choices of economic operators and public authorities, to facilitate the monitoring of market developments and threats of market disturbance, the Commission shall establish Union market observatories.

2. The Commission may decide for which agricultural sectors from those listed in Article 1(2) the Union market observatories shall be established.

3. The Union market observatories shall make available the statistical data and information necessary for the monitoring of market developments and threats of market disturbance, in particular:

(a) production, supply and stocks;

(b) prices, costs and, as far as possible, profit margins at all levels of the food supply chain;

(c) short- and medium-term market forecasts;

(d) imports and exports of agricultural products, in particular the filling of tariff quotas for the import of agricultural products into the Union. The Union market observatories shall produce reports containing the elements referred to in the first subparagraph.

4. The Member States shall collect the information referred to in paragraph 3 and provide it to the Commission.