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Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

(1) ‘Union entities’ means the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies set up by or pursuant to the Treaty on European Union, the Treaty on the Functioning of European Union (TFEU) or the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community;

(2) ‘network and information system’ means a network and information system as defined in Article 6, point (1), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(3) ‘security of network and information systems’ means security of network and information systems as defined in Article 6, point (2), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(4) ‘cybersecurity’ means cybersecurity as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Regulation (EU) 2019/881;

(5) ‘highest level of management’ means a manager, management body or coordination and oversight body that is responsible for the functioning of a Union entity, at the most senior administrative level, with a mandate to adopt or authorise decisions in line with the high-level governance arrangements of that Union entity, without prejudice to the formal responsibilities of other levels of management for compliance and cybersecurity risk management in their respective areas of responsibility;

(6) ‘near miss’ means a near miss as defined in Article 6, point (5), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(7) ‘incident’ means an incident as defined in Article 6, point (6), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(8) ‘major incident’ means an incident which causes a level of disruption that exceeds a Union entity’s and CERT-EU’s capacity to respond to it or which has a significant impact on at least two Union entities;

(9) ‘large-scale cybersecurity incident’ means a large-scale cybersecurity incident as defined in Article 6, point (7), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(10) ‘incident handling’ means incident handling as defined in Article 6, point (8), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(11) ‘cyber threat’ means a cyber threat as defined in Article 2, point (8), of Regulation (EU) 2019/881;

(12) ‘significant cyber threat’ means a significant cyber threat as defined in Article 6, point (11), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(13) ‘vulnerability’ means a vulnerability as defined in Article 6, point (15), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(14) ‘cybersecurity risk’ means a risk as defined in Article 6, point (9), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555;

(15) ‘cloud computing service’ means a cloud computing service as defined in Article 6, point (30), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555.